CLF Annual Report 2020-21
03 Feb 2023
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​The CLF Annual Report 2020-21 provides a snapshot of some of the scientific and technical research that has been carried out by users of the CLF and its staff over the financial year 2020-21. Hard copies are available on request: please contact us if you wish to receive a printed version of this CLF Annual Report or to ask to be added to our Mailing List for future Reports.

Where available, associated full articles are available to download or view below.  All PDF documents and links open in a new tab.

Adobe PDF Reader is available to download free of charge from the Adobe website.


Foreword (PDF – 507 KB)

Overview (PDF – 274 KB)

Industrial engagement and innovation (PDF – 244 KB)

Communication and outreach activities within the CLF (PDF – 991 KB)

In memory of Professor David Neely (PDF – 557 KB)

EPAC takes shape on the RAL Campus (PDF – 545 KB)


High Energy Density & High Intensity Physics (synopsis of each article) (PDF – 1,553 KB)

1.    Measuring the orbital angular momentum of high-power laser pulses (Link to published paper)

2.    Application of compact laser-driven accelerator x-ray sources for industrial imaging (Link to published paper)

3.    A laser-plasma platform for ultra-fast absorption spectroscopy: measuring the electron-ion equilibration rate of warm dense matter
      (03 - CLF AR 20-21 - KETTLE.pdf – 5,583 KB)

4.    Nonlinear wakefields and electron injection in cluster plasma (Link to published paper)

5.    Metre-scale conditioned hydrodynamic optical-field-ionized plasma channels (Link to published paper)

6.    Guiding of high-intensity laser pulses in 100-mm-long hydrodynamic optical-field-ionized plasma channels (Link to published paper)

7.    Spectral and spatial characterisation of GeV-scale laser-driven positron beams (07 - CLF AR 20-21 - SARRI.pdf – 548 KB)

8.    Automation and control of laser wakefield accelerators using Bayesian optimization (Link to published paper)

9.    Electron trapping and reinjection in prepulse-shaped gas targets for laser-plasma accelerators (Link to published paper)

10.  Development of control mechanisms for a laser wakefield accelerator-driven bremsstrahlung x-ray source for advanced
       radiographic imaging (Link to published paper)

11.  Self-Referencing Spectral Interferometric Probing of the Onset Time of Relativistic Transparency in Intense Laser-Foil Interactions
      (Link to published paper)

12.  Influence of target-rear-side short scale length density gradients on laser-driven proton acceleration (Link to published paper)

13.  Narrowband, beamed acceleration of GeV gold ions from ultrathin foils (13 - CLF AR 20-21 - MARTIN.pdf – 2,757 KB)

14.  Determining the short laser pulse contrast based on X-Ray emission spectroscopy (Abstract available only: Link to abstract site)

15.  Optimization of a laser plasma-based x-ray source according to WDM absorption spectroscopy requirements (Link to published
       paper)

16.  Effect of plastic coating on the density of plasma formed in Si foil targets irradiated by ultra high-contrast relativistic laser pulses
      (Link to published paper)

17.  Influence of spatial-intensity contrast in ultraintense laser–plasma interactions (Link to published paper)


Laser Science & Development (synopsis of each article) (PDF – 1,572 KB – link opens in a new window)

18.  Zemax OpticStudio Case Study: optical design of a finite conjugate, 4f, telecentric imaging system for re-imaging a VCSEL array
      (18 - CLF AR 20-21 - CLARKE.pdf – 1,109 KB)

19.  Design and performance of a 100 J pump laser front-end for use in a 10 Hz PW-class amplifier
       (19 - CLF AR 20-21 - WOJTUSIAK.pdf – 1,102 KB)

20.  Response of silicon nitride ceramics subject to laser shock treatment (Abstract available only: Link to abstract site)

21.  Stable high-energy, high-repetition-rate, frequency doubling in a large aperture temperature-controlled LBO at 515 nm (Link to
       published paper)

22.  Modelling and measurement of thermal stress-induced depolarisation in high energy, high repetition rate diode-pumped Yb:YAG
       lasers (Link to published paper)

23.  Use of Recast3D for real-time reconstruction (23 - CLF AR 20-21 - HUANG.pdf​ – 62 KB)

24.  Ø320 mm beam positioning mirror mount for the EPAC project with 1 µrad stability (24 - CLF AR 20-21 - STALLWOOD.pdf –
       818 KB)

25.  Deploying the SLAC liquid target at RAL (25 - CLF AR 20-21 - BOURGEOIS.pdf – 398 KB)

26.  A Michelson interferometer for pulse-train generation on Gemini (26 - CLF AR 20-21 - HOOKER1.pdf – 367 KB)

27.  Software developments in Gemini (27 - CLF AR 20-21 - MARSHALL.pdf – 425 KB)

28.  New mounting for grating G1 of the Astra TA2 compressor (28 - CLF AR 20-21 - HOOKER2.pdf – 131 KB)

29.  mJ-level 5Hz probe beam for Gemini target area (29 - CLF AR 20-21 - PINHEIRO.pdf – 156 KB)

30.  Microassembly of Buried Wire Targets for the European XFEL (30 - CLF AR 20-21 - ARIYATHILAKA.pdf – 826 KB)

31.  Experimental Testing and Fielding of the CLF Precision Tape Drive in the Gemini Target Area (31 - CLF AR 20-21 - ROBINS.pdf
       – 784 KB)

32.  A systems engineering architecture for robotic microtarget production (32 - CLF AR 20-21 - ASTBURY.pdf​ – 693 KB)

33.  Wavefront-tilt Correction of Laser Pulses by Dispersion Management (33 - CLF AR 20-21 - BUCK.pdf – 299 KB)

34.  Compressor grating optimization using the D scan technique (34 - CLF AR 20-21 - OLIVEIRA1.pdf – 1,948 KB)

35.  Design of high contrast OPCPA system for the Vulcan laser system (35 - CLF AR 20-21 - OLIVEIRA2.pdf​ – 1,948 KB)


Plasma Diagnostics (synopsis of each article) (PDF – 418 KB)

36.  Deconvolution of multi-Boltzmann x-ray distribution from linear absorption spectrometer via analytical parameter reduction (Link to
       published paper)

37.  Deployment of active Thomson spectrometer at Vulcan petawatt (37 - CLF AR 20-21 - BEDILU.pdf – 1,300 KB)

38.  Investigating the Working Distances of the Questar QM-1SZ Tele-Microscopes (38 - CLF AR 20-21 - BUSH.pdf – 4,617 KB)

39.  Modelling Tomographic Reconstruction using Scintillator Fibres for active proton imaging (39 - CLF AR 20-21 - ARMSTRONG1.pdf
       – 577 KB)

40.  Demonstrating Light Yield and Energy Resolution trends for different sized Scintillators using Monte Carlo Simulations
       (40 - CLF AR 20-21 - ARMSTRONG2.pdf – 430 KB)

41.  Scintillator Light Yield Variation due to the Reflective Wrapping (41 - CLF AR 20-21 - ARMSTRONG3.pdf – 426 KB)


Ultrafast & XUV science - Artemis update (PDF – 280 KB)


Imaging & Dynamics for Physical & Life Science (synopsis of each article) (PDF – 1,298 KB)

42.  Directly imaging the localisation and photosensitization properties of the pan-mTOR inhibitor, AZD2014, in living cancer cells
       (Link to published paper)

43.  The smfBox is an open-source platform for single-molecule FRET (Link to published paper)

44.  Preparation of polymer gold nanoparticle composites with tunable plasmon coupling and their application as SERS substrates
       (Link to published paper)

45.  Adaptive lipid immiscibility and membrane remodeling are active functional determinants of primary ciliogenesis
      (Link to published paper)

46.  Combining Multicolor FISH with Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging for Chromosomal Identification and Chromosomal Sub Structure
       Investigation (Link to published paper)

47.  Porous Carbon Microparticles as Vehicles for the Intracellular Delivery of Molecules (Link to published paper)

48.  A small molecule inhibitor of HER3: a proof-of-concept study (Link to published paper)

49.  Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Reveals Clustering Behaviour of Chlamydia pneumoniae's Major Outer Membrane
       Protein (Link to published paper)

50.  A Targeted and Tuneable DNA Damage Tool Using CRISPR/Cas9 (Link to published paper)

51.  Using Mie scattering to determine the wavelength-dependent refractive index of polystyrene beads with changing temperature
       (Link to published paper)

52.  Mononuclear ruthenium(II) theranostic complexes that function as broad-spectrum antimicrobials in therapeutically resistant
       pathogens through interaction with DNA (Link to published paper)

53.  Serial cryoFIB/SEM Reveals Cytoarchitectural Disruptions in Leigh Syndrome Patient Cells (Link to published paper)

54.  Operando Kerr gated Raman spectroscopy of lithium insertion into graphite enables high state of charge diagnostics
       (54 - CLF AR 20-21 - HARDWICK.pdf – 365 KB)

55.  Temperature-Jump Time Resolved 2D-IR Spectroscopy of DNA Hairpin Unfolding (55 - CLF AR 20-21 - HUNT.pdf – 332 KB)

56.  Manganese-Mediated C−H Bond Activation of Fluorinated Aromatics and the ortho-Fluorine Effect: Kinetic Analysis by In Situ Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis and Time-Resolved Methods (Link to published paper)

57.  Dynamics around a hydrogen bond – The dynamics of UV excited acetic acid dimers (57 - CLF AR 20-21 - MINNS.pdf – 465 KB)

58.  Femtosecond to microsecond tracking of the complete mechanism of a radical reaction cycle
       (58 - CLF AR 20-21 - ORR-EWING.pdf – 405 KB)


COVID research on Octopus during the pandemic (PDF – 624 KB)


Operational Statistics (PDF – 693 KB)

Publications (PDF – 194 KB)

Panel membership (PDF – 92 KB)

CLF Structure​ (PDF – 284 KB)



Contact: Trines, Raoul (STFC,RAL,CLF)